The Difference Between Brutus and Cassius in William...

The Difference Between Brutus and Cassius in William Shakespeares Julius Caesar In Shakespeares Julius Caesar, Brutus and Cassius are contrasting characters. They differ in the way they perceive Antony as a threat to the assassination plot, their dominance in personality, and their moral obligation. In Julius Caesar, Brutus is the more naÃÆ' ¯ve, dominant and noble character, while Cassius is the more perceptive, submissive, and manipulative person. Brutus and Cassius are very different in the way they perceive Antony. Brutus is very trusting and naÃÆ' ¯ve when he judges Antony. When the subject of killing Antony comes up among the conspirators, Brutus underestimates how dangerous Antony could be†¦show more content†¦When Brutus gives Antony the right to speak at Caesars funeral, Cassius pulls Brutus aside and says, You know not what you do. Do not consent that Antony speak in [Caesars] funeral. Know you how much the people may be moved/ by that which [Antony] will utter? Cassius sees that Antony is a powerful speaker and that if Antony speaks the people will side with him. This shows that Cassius has a much better idea of how dangerous Antony is. Although Cassius is correct on how dangerous Antony really is, Brutus ideas are used because Brutus is the more dominant character. In the play Cassius is the more passive character and Brutus, the more authoritative. This is exemplified when Brutus and Cassius are arguing about allowing Cicero joining the assassination conspiracy. Cassius thinks that Cicero is a good and honorable man that should be included, but as soon as he nominates Cicero to join the group, Brutus steps in and says, O, name him not! Let us not break with him, for he will never follow anything that other men begin. Instead of contesting Brutus, Cassius just lets it pass and concedes to not permitting Cicero to join the group. Although this particular argument is not pivotal to the plot, it augments how Brutus dominates what decisions are made. Brutus again shows his dominance over Cassius when the two are discussing military strategies. Cassius wants to stayShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Julius Shakespeare s Ju lius Caesar 1299 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish 10 May 2017 Brutus’ Role in The Tragedy of Julius Caesar The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, written by William Shakespeare in 1599, is just one example of a typical Shakespearean tragedy. At the beginning of the book, the reader believes that the Julius Caesar is the main character and that the whole book will revolve around him. By the time the reader finishes the book it is clear that Decius Brutus, or just ‘Brutus’, is the main character and the tragic hero. Shakespeare’s idea of a tragic heroRead MoreA Tragic Hero As Used By Shakespeare. In, â€Å"The Tragedy1657 Words   |  7 PagesA Tragic Hero as Used by Shakespeare In, â€Å"The Tragedy of Julius Caesar,† by William Shakespeare, you can see Shakespeare’s use of a tragic hero. The Tragedy of Julius Caesar is a play about how Marcus Brutus and Cassius contemplate the murder of the great Julius Caesar. The play discusses the planning of the murder, and the events that follow the catastrophe. Brutus is one of the conspirators in the murdering of Caesar and is also one of his beloved friends. Shakespeare incorporates traditionalRead MoreShakespeare’S Tragic Hero . William Shakespeare, â€Å" The1492 Words   |  6 PagesShakespeare’s Tragic Hero William Shakespeare, â€Å" The Bard†, is one of the most influential figure that shaped the english language. He has wrote some of the most well known poetry and plays. Also he has has a large influence on the english language itself. He added around 5,000 different words that we still use today. Some Shakespeare’s most well known plays are Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth, and The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. The Tragedy of Julius Caesar was one of Shakespeare s plays thatRead MoreThe Tragic Hero Of Julius Caesar By William Shakespeare1241 Words   |  5 Pagesnovel or play. In The Tragedy of Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare, Marcus Brutus is the tragic hero. When making a tragic hero, Shakespeare has his character go through hesitation and doubt before making a decision, presents the character with inner turmoil through soliloquy, and focuses on the choices the character makes instead of their fate. William Shakespeare has his tragic heroes be of noble birth and In The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, â€Å"There was a Brutus once that would have brook d theRead More A Comparison of Plutarchs The Lives of the Ancient Grecians and Romans and Shakespeares Julius Caesar660 Words   |  3 Pagesand Romans and Shakespeares Julius Caesar When closely evaluating the two texts: Plutarchs The Lives of the Ancient Grecians and Romans and Shakespeares Julius Caesar, there are stark differences of the theme and characters. While Plutarchs text is mostly informative, as describing a series of historical events, Shakespeare incorporates a wide variety of dramatic conventions as well as changing many events to entertain an audience. It is important to note that Shakespeares play was basedRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar 867 Words   |  4 PagesKelton Cudjoe Miss Walters AP Language and Composition 2/5/15 In William Shakespeare’s play, Julius Caesar, the main character, Marcus Brutus, is faced with the dilemma of a morally ambiguous situation and the discrepancy between a personal desire and a public duty. Like most literature, in general, the protagonist has to deal with an internal conflict and external conflict. This is a clichà © situation because Brutus ends up undergoing a dramatic change, with the plot going from order to chaos,Read MoreMean Girls and Julius Caesar954 Words   |  4 PagesJulius Caesar Film vs Mean Girls Julius Caesar is an extremely old and extremely famous play written by William Shakespeare around 1599. Shakespeares plays are reflected in many movies and stories now a days and Julius Caesar is to famous that they even made thrice movies for the story. A movie that reflects the story of Julius Caesar is Mean Girls and it reflects the movie in many aspects you could think of, even though they do have some differences because the story slightly changesRead MoreThe Inability of Brutus to Assume Political Leadership of the Conspiracy Against Julius Caesar in Shakespeares Play1055 Words   |  5 PagesThe Inability of Brutus to Assume Political Leadership of the Conspiracy Against Julius Caesar in Shakespeares Play In Julius Caesar, Shakespeare presents a broad range of historical personalities as complicated human beings in agonizing conflict with one another and with themselves. Literary authors A.L. Rowse once wrote, No issue hinders a mans leadership capabilities more than his confusing perception of honor, noble idealism, and inner self-conflict (15). In his dramaRead More A Comparison of the Character of Brutus in Julius Caesar and Hamlet in Hamlet2791 Words   |  12 PagesThe Characters of   Brutus and Hamlet in Hamlet and Julius Caesar  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Written one year apart from the other, one cannot fail to recognize the parallels between William Shakespeares tragedies Julius Caesar and Hamlet. To begin, they are both stories of assassinations gone horribly wrong. Although the details of the plays are different, the two assassins (Brutus and Hamlet) provide interesting comparison. Through these two killers, Shakespeare reveals the different levels of justice; one’sRead MoreA Raisin in the Sun vs. Julius Caesar2295 Words   |  10 PagesDrama In William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar and Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun themes, symbols, and characters can be compared. Both A Raisin in the Sun and Julius Caesar were written for the stage; therefore their characters become more obvious and more thoroughly portrayed than in a book, for example. Even though, these works were written by far different authors and in different centuries their similarities and differences are evident. In both A Raisin in the Sun and Julius Caesar themes

Essay on Public Smoking Ban - 1091 Words

United States Surgeon General Richard Carmona stated the nearly 126 million nonsmokers are exposed to secondhand smoke (Report: Ban smoking in public places). The risk of inferior health caused by smoking in public establishments is truly intolerable. The banning of smoking in public places everywhere should be imposed because it would reduce the risk of health problems of non-smokers, it could reduce the number of smokers all together, and, therefore, reduce the amount of valuable money taxpayers spend on smoking related costs. Smoking in public places should be banned because it could reduce the number of smokers at present and future times. First, it would discourage smoking because the ban would force smokers to choose between daily†¦show more content†¦In an article written about how New Yorkers find the law, Cynthia Candiotti, a pub and restaurant patron, commented on how it will affect her social life, â€Å"Smoking and parties have sort of always gone together. Smoking, Ill probably quit. Going out with friends, thats a whole other matter† (Blau, Justine). This ban has proven to be extremely successful. An article from WebMD, â€Å"Smoking Ban Helps NYC Stop Smoking,† states that within four years of the law being passed there was nearly a quarter million less smokers in the city alone, possibly saving nearly eighty thousand lives in the long term. These results are from only one city; one could only imagine the effect if a ban on smoking in public places was imposed across th e nation. This great success is one of the reasons that smoking should be banned in public places. There are many unnecessary costs associated with smoking, of which, most would be reduced with the effects of a smoking ban. The ban of smoking in public would reduce the amount of valuable money Americans squander on smoking related costs and liabilities. First, the proposed smoking ban would help reduce the amount of money spent on healthcare.. The ban would help reduce the medical care needed for illnesses, diseases, and cancers, (etc) caused by the smoking of tobacco and inhalation of secondhand smoke. This is money could have helped the, over, 43.6 million American citizens without medical insurance.Show MoreRelatedSmoking In Public Places - Is a Public Smoking Ban The Answer?1023 Words   |  5 PagesIs A Public Smoking Ban The Answer? Imagine... you come into a restaurant and are seated in the smoking area, you chose to sit in this area even though you dont smoke and you know the smoke bothers you. A smoker comes in and sits down at the booth next to you and lights up. What do you do? A) Ask the waitress for another location in the non-smoking area. B) Ask the person who just lit a cigarette to kindly put it out? Or C) Get up and leave the restaurant? For many people, this isRead MoreBan Smoking On Public Beaches855 Words   |  4 PagesThe ban of smoking on public beaches in America has increased since it started in the 1970s. This is a controversial issue as not all people agree on banning smoking on public beaches, mainly smokers. People that are strongly against smoking on public beaches tend to be parents and non-smokers alike. They find it absolutely unacceptable to smoke on public beaches as they see it as an unhealthy and a harmful habit, and do not want to be around it. Apart from disapproval of n on smokers, there is otherRead MoreSmoking In Public Places - The Smoking Ban Backlash Essay1723 Words   |  7 PagesSmoking Ban Backlash Walking down Boston’s Boylston Street at the late hours of the evening, the sidewalks are crowded with smokers taking their last hauls before entering the bars for a night of drinking. Due to the smoking ban in all public work areas that has been in effect since May of 2003, restaurant and bar patrons of Boston bear the cold winter season approaching, and reminisce about the old days where it was legal to enjoy a smoke with a cocktail at a bar. In May of 2003, BostonRead MoreA Brief Note On Public Smoking Bans And Smoking Behavior1766 Words   |  8 PagesCan Alaluf Student Number: 999021696 Referee Report on One last puff? Public smoking bans and smoking behavior Article Summary: One last puff? Public smoking bans and smoking behavior written by Anger, Kvansnicka and Sidler tries to examine how the effects of bans on public smoking influence individual smoking behavior. The authors observe the state level smoking bans that were introduced in Germany’s sixteen federal states effective on different dates in 2007 and 2008. The study shows a 2 percentageRead More A Proposal to Ban Smoking in Public Areas Essay1106 Words   |  5 PagesA Proposal to Ban Smoking in Public Areas Every year, there are over 400,000 smoking-related deaths in the United States. A large percentage of these are due to lung cancer, whose leading cause is smoking. However, not all deaths are smokers themselves. Anyone in the vicinity can fall victim to second hand smoke. These people, through no action of their own, can have their lives threatened. This problem, which plagues all Americans, should have action taken on a local scale to help protectRead MoreNationwide Smoking Ban: Smoking Should be Banned in All Public Places899 Words   |  4 Pagesthe public about its dangers in 1972 (Schick Glantz, 2005). Do people knowingly have the right to put others’ health at risk? No, they do not. Exposure to cigarette smoke is a public health risk. Therefore, smoking should be banned in all public places, nationwide. There has been no attempt to impose a national smoking ban by the U.S. government. All current bans are in place because of state and local legislation. Americans for Nonsmokers’ Rights lists the various state and local smoking lawsRead MoreSmoking In Public Places - Smoking Ban in Iowa Essay564 Words   |  3 PagesNo Smoking at WIT Earlier in the year of 2008 my school stated that there would be no smoking allowed around their campus. This obviously flared up its fair share of supporters and non supporters. Some of the non supporters are asking if it is fair for the college to say what they can and cannot do in a public place. So is it ok for them to say no smoking on campus? I think they have every right to. According to Utilitarianism, when making a decision you should choose the one that results inRead MoreWe Must Ban Public Smoking Now Essay1884 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Smoking has become so nearly universal among men, the few nonsmokers are practically ignored and their rights trampled upon† (John Harvey Kellogg, Hirschfelder 146) An occurrence that happens daily for many people is choking on a cloud of smoke, tasting and smelling its acidic tobacco as it swirls through their lungs. Smoking in public has been an issue that has plagued America for many decades, so commonplace by this point that it has become part of everyday life for millions of people. SecondhandRead MoreBan of Public Smoking Essay1272 Words   |  6 Pagesdeaths may be attributed to smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke (Smoking -Attributable Deaths in Virginia). The risk of inferior health caused by smoking in public establishments is truly intolerable. The banning of smoking in public places would b enefit everybody and should be imposed everywhere because it would reduce the risk of health problems to non-smokers, reduce the number of smokers all together, and reduce the amount of valuable money tax payers spend on smoking related expenses. TobaccoRead MoreBans on Smoking in Public Areas1476 Words   |  6 Pagesyou get the number of people that die because of smoking each year! Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S. Each year more than 480,000 people die because of smoking. This is just one of the many reasons why I believe that cigarette smoking should be banned in public areas. I will argue this point in three ways. First, I will argue that the health effects of smoking are so harmful that cigarettes should not be allowed in public areas. Next, I will argue that the negative effects

Effects of Insufficient Functioning Of Insulin-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the effects of Insufficient Functioning of Insulin. Answer: Insufficient functioning of insulin action causes inadequate glucose transfer from blood circulation into liver and cells of skeletal muscles that causes hyperglycaemia, a common symptom in all diabetes types. In hyperglycaemia, the glucose level increases in the blood circulation. The type 1 diabetes is of two types: autoimmune and nonimmune. Environment based genetic components plays a vital role in destroying beta cells in pancreas. Type 1 autoimmune diabetes is known as type 1A diabetes. Nonimmune type 1 diabetes is a less common term with respect to pancreatitis or idiopathic (type 1B) diabetes, a fulminant disorder. Environmental factors are involved in developing diabetes mellitus type 1. Viral infections such as enterovirus destroy the autoimmune beta cells. In diabetes mellitus type 1, a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease; pancreatic beta cells are destroyed in genetically susceptible individuals in these following stages. Inflammation (insulinitis) and death of islets beta cell by infiltration of lymphocyte and macrophage of islets. The surface of pancreatic islet cells expresses autoantigens that circulates in blood stream and lymphatics, The antigens of these cells ingests the autoantigens and activates CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) lymphocytes that secretes interleukin 2 (IL-2) which in turn activates beta-cell lymphocytes (autoanigen specific with cytotoxic in nature) that undergoes proliferation and attack the cells of islets thereby secreting toxic perforins along with granzymes. Interferon activating the macrophages and stimulating the inflammatory cytokines release is secreted by lymphocytes of T helper. These IL-1 and TNF termed as tumor necrosis factor causes the destruction of beta cells followed by apoptosis Antibodies production against islet cells, insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and other cytoplasm proteins. IL-4 is produced by the activated lymphocytes including the T helper 2 (Th2) that causes the further stimulation of B lymphocytes in order to cause proliferation leading to production of antibodies. Autoantibodies of islet cells (ICAs) are found to be present in the serum of the individuals far before the formation of deficient beta cells. A beta cell enzyme termed as Antiglutamic acid decarboxylase (antiGAD65) are involves in the coordination of releasing insulin and this mechanism is helpful in forming etiology variation in individual with diabetes. Apart from this enzyme, insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) are the antibodies that act against insulin are found to occur in the destruction process of beta-cell and active cells of islets. Zinc transporter 8 is another antigen of islet cells that produces antigens against it and is found in the serum of individuals with diabe tes type 1. This protein product varies with the progression of the disease. Another mechanism related to autoimmune function found in the diabetes type 1 pathogenesis is the relative inactivation off the cells involved in T regulation. The T lymphocytes functions by inhibiting the response of immune system and self tolerance regulation. These mechanism decreases with time leading to reduced beta-cell level and reduced production of insulin. Hyperglycemia, Glucagon, and Hyperketonemia- These conditions occur due to abnormal cell functioning. Beta cells are responsible for producing insulin and amylin but reduced level of insulin and glucagon with increased formation of glucagon from alpha cells are prevalent in diabetes with type 1. The hepatic glucose and metabolism of fat is controlled by insulin glucagon ratio in portal veins. Insulin and amylin paracrine functions in a normal way. The abnormalities in beta cell level persist before the advent of diabetes with type 1. Evidence based data have revealed that increased glucagon level with respect to insulin level leads to hyperglycemia along with hyperketonemia. Therefore, hyperglycemia is caused by abnormal functions of beta and alpha cells corresponding to reduced level insulin and amylin with increased level of glucagon secretion in individuals with diabetes 1. Relative hyperglucagonemia is a common form in diabetes mellitus and has been suggested by some researchers that it is essential in the propagation of abnormality mechanism in diabetes. Polydipsia: Polydipsia is an abnormality caused by increased level of blood glucose. In this abnormality, the water comes out of the body through osmosis and results in dehydration of intracellular cells which increases the thirst Polyuria: Polyuria occurs when hyperglycemia acts as osmotic diuretic when filtered glucose exceeds normal limit with increased water loss in urine causing glycosuria. Polyphagia: Polyphagia is an abnormality when the stores for cellular functioning of carbohydrates, protein and fats are depleted that finally results in increased hunger in individuals with this abnormality. Weight loss: Osmotic diuresis leads to loss in body weight and causes tissue loss of body due to energy production by utilising proteins and fats caused by insulin deficiency.

Psychogenics Conditioned Avoidance Response

Questions: Briefly describe the interpretation of the following: Q1. a. Head twitch test b. Condition Avoidance test c. Novel object recognition test d. Catalepsy test Q2. What did you find most challenging or interesting? Answers: 1. a. Head twitch test: The head twitch response is rapid side to side head movement, which occurs in rats, which activates serotonin 5 HT2A receptor. CP-809,101 was tested for both agonist and antagonist activity on the mice in the head twitch model, to determine its functional activity for 5HT2A receptor. Rats administered with CP-809,101 and with other 5HT2A agonist. CP-809,101 failed to show head twitch activity, resulted that it lacks 5HT2A agonist like response. But when CP-809,101 activity was compared with risperidone, which is used to antagonise the (-) DOI induced head twitch response, then CP-809,101 resulted in significant antagonist like activity. b. Conditioned avoidance responding: In this test, a foot shock is delivered, in which subjects are trained in the task, to avoid the delivery of the mild foot shock, rather than escaped after the start of the shock. Antipsyhotic drug weakens the ability to avoid shock, but does not affect the escape response. CP-809,10, administered in rats and its activity was compared with other anti-psychotic drugs such as haloperidol, resperidone, ziprasidone and clozapine.CP-809,101 administration resulted in dose dependent inhibition of the CAR, the order of potencies for inhibiting CAR was found to be haloperidol resperidone ziprasidone CP-809,101 clozapine. c. Novel object recognition test: This test is done for recognition of memory. Rat are exposed to two or more objects and gets to explore them. One of these object is replaced and if memory is functioning normally then, rat takes more time in exploring the novel object than explored one. In this study, CP-809,101 and positive control methylphenidate were administered in trained rats, CP-809,101 showed high memory response in rats, but at high doses it showed sedative effect rather than improved memory response. d. Catalepsy test: Catalepsy test is done by bar test. In this, mouse is placed on the bar oriented panel and which is 1 inch above ground. If rats remains immobile for more than 20 seconds than it is cataleptic. CP-809,101 does not induce catalepsy, when it is compared other with antipsychotic drugs, clozapine was only failed to produce catalepsy. 2. The most challenging part was analyse the test and its result and how they affect the psychotic activity. The interesting part is to read about these tests and how they are conducted on the rats. I think handling the rats can be challenging as well as interesting. Refrence: 1. Noldus. https://www.noldus.com/animal-behavior-research/solutions/research-small-lab-animals/novel-object-recognition-set.2. Schizophrenia Mania Conditioned Avoidance Response. Psychogenics. https://www.psychogenics.com/conditionedavoidance.html.